January
January 6
The first diesel engine automobile trip is completed (Indianapolis, Indiana, to New York City) by Clessie Cummins, founder of the Cummins Motor Co..
An early literary character licensing agreement is signed by A. A. Milne, granting Stephen Slesinger U.S. and Canadian merchandising rights to the Winnie-the-Pooh works.
January 13 – The Mickey Mouse comic strip makes its first appearance.
January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at 356,397 km in recent memory and the next one will be on January 1, 2257 at 356,371 km.[1]
January 26 – The Indian National Congress declares this date as Independence Day or as the day for Poorna Swaraj (Complete Independence).
January 28 – The first patent for a field-effect transistor is granted in the United States to Julius Edgar Lilienfeld.[2]
January 30 – Pavel Molchanov launches a radiosonde from Pavlovsk in the Soviet Union.
January 31 – The 3M company markets Scotch Tape, invented by Richard Gurley Drew, in the United States.
February
February 2 – The Communist Party of Vietnam is established.
February 10 – The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng launch the Yên Bái mutiny in the hope of ending French colonial rule in Vietnam.
February 18
While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh confirms the existence of Pluto, a celestial body considered a planet until redefined as a dwarf planet in 2006.
Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in a fixed-wing aircraft, and also the first cow to be milked in an aeroplane.
March
March 2 – Mahatma Gandhi informs the British viceroy of India that civil disobedience will begin 9 days later.
March 5 – Danish painter Einar Wegener begins sex reassignment surgery in Germany and takes the name Lili Elbe.
March 6 – The first frozen foods of Clarence Birdseye go on sale in Springfield, Massachusetts.
March 12 – Mahatma Gandhi sets off on a 200-mile protest march towards the sea with 78 followers to protest at the British monopoly on salt; more will join them during the Salt March that ends on April 5.
March 28 – The government of Turkey requests the international community to adopt Istanbul and Ankara as the official names for Constantinople and Angora.
March 29 – Heinrich Brüning is appointed Chancellor of Germany.
March 31 – The Motion Picture Production Code ("Hays Code") is instituted in the United States, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence on films for the next 40 years.
April
April 4 – The Communist Party of Panama is founded.
April 5 – In an act of civil disobedience, Mahatma Gandhi breaks the Salt laws of British India by making salt by the sea at the end of the Salt March.
April 6
International Left Opposition (ILO) is founded in Paris, France.
Hostess Twinkies are invented.
April 17 – Neoprene is invented by DuPont.
April 18
The Chittagong Rebellion begins in India with the Chittagong armoury raid.
BBC Radio from London reports on this day that "There is no news".
April 19 – Warner Bros. in the United States release their first cartoon series called Looney Tunes which runs until 1969.
April 21
A fire in the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus kills 320 people.
The Turkestan–Siberia Railway is completed.
April 22 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty to regulate submarine warfare and limit naval shipbuilding.
April 28 – The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas.
May
May 4 or 5 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested again.
May 6 – The Great Salmas Earthquake in Iran (7.3 on the Richter Scale) kills 4,000 people.
May 10 – The National Pan-Hellenic Council is founded in Washington, D.C..
May 15 – Nurse Ellen Church becomes the world's first flight attendant, working on a Boeing Air Transport trimotor.
May 16 – Rafael Leónidas Trujillo is elected president of the Dominican Republic.
May 17 – French Prime Minister André Tardieu decides to withdraw the remaining French troops from the Rhineland (they depart by June 30).
May 24 – Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Australia, becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).
May 30
Sergei Eisenstein arrives in Hollywood to work for Paramount Pictures; they part ways by October.
Canadian adventurer William "Red" Hill, Sr., makes a five-hour journey down the Niagara Gorge rapids.
June
June 9 – Chicago Tribune journalist Jake Lingle is shot in Chicago, Illinois. Newspapers promise $55,000 reward for information. Lingle is later found to have had contacts with organized crime.
June 14 – Bureau of Narcotics established under the United States Department of the Treasury, replacing the Narcotics Division of the Prohibition Unit.
June 17 – President of the United States Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act into law.
June 21 – One-year conscription comes into force in France.
July
July 4 – The dedication of George Washington's sculpted head is held at Mount Rushmore in South Dakota.
July 5 – The Seventh Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops opens. This conference approves the use of birth control in limited circumstances, a move away from the Christian views on contraception expressed by the Sixth Conference a decade earlier.
July 7
The Lapua Movement marches in Helsinki, Finland.
Building of the Boulder Dam (later known as the Hoover Dam) is started on the Colorado River in the United States.
July 11 – Australian cricketer Donald Bradman scores a world record 309 runs in one day, on his way to the highest individual Test innings of 334, during a Test match against England.
July 13 – The first FIFA World Cup starts: Lucien Laurent scores the first goal, for France against Mexico.
July 19 – Georges Simenon's detective character Inspector Jules Maigret makes his first appearance in print under Simenon's own name when the novel Pietr-le-Letton (known in English as The Strange Case of Peter the Lett) begins serialization in a French weekly magazine. Simenon will eventually write 75 novels (as well as 28 short stories) featuring the pipe-smoking Paris detective.
July 21 – United States Department of Veterans Affairs established.
July 25 – Laurence Olivier marries Jill Esmond.
July 26 – Charles Creighton and James Hargis of Missouri begin their return journey to Los Angeles using only a reverse gear; the 11,555 km trip lasts 42 days.
July 28 – R. B. Bennett defeats William Lyon Mackenzie King in federal elections and becomes the Prime Minister of Canada.
July 29 – British airship R100 sets out for a successful 78-hour passage to Canada.
July 30
Uruguay beats Argentina 4–2 to win the first Association football FIFA World Cup final.
New York station W2XBS is put in charge of NBC broadcast engineers.
July 31 – The radio drama The Shadow airs for the first time in the United States.
August
August 6 – Judge Joseph Force Crater disappears.
August 7
R. B. Bennett takes office as the eleventh Prime Minister of Canada.
Lynching of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith in Marion, Indiana. They are hanged; James Cameron survives. This will be the last recorded lynching of African Americans in the Northern United States.
August 9 – Betty Boop premieres in the animated film Dizzy Dishes.
August 12 – Turkish troops move into Persia to fight Kurdish insurgents.
August 16 – The first British Empire Games open in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.[4]
August 21 – Princess Margaret Rose is born at Glamis Castle in Scotland, younger daughter of Prince Albert, Duke of York (second son of King George V and Queen Mary, and later King George VI) and Elizabeth, Duchess of York, and sister to The Princess Elizabeth.
August 27 – A military junta takes over in Peru.
September
September 6 – José Félix Uriburu carries out a military coup, overthrowing Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina.
September 12 – England cricketer Wilfred Rhodes ends his 1,110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H. D. G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians.
September 14 – German federal election, 1930: National Socialists win 107 seats in the German Parliament, the Reichstag (18.3% of all the votes), making them the second largest party.
September 20 – The Eastern Catholic Rite Syro-Malankara Catholic Church is formed.
September 27 – İsmet İnönü forms a new government in Turkey (6th government).
October
October – The Indochinese Communist Party is formed.
October 5 – British airship R101 crashes in France en route to India on its maiden long-range flight resulting in the loss of 48 lives.
October 20 – A British White Paper demands restrictions on Jewish immigration into Mandatory Palestine.[5]
October 24 – Brazilian Revolution of 1930: Getúlio Vargas establishes a dictatorship.
October 27 – Ratifications exchanged in London on the first London Naval Treaty signed in April modifying the Washington Naval Treaty of 1925. Its arms limitation provisions go into effect immediately, hence putting more limits on the expensive naval arms race between its five signatories (the United Kingdom, the United States, the Japanese Empire, France, and Italy.)
November
November 2 – Haile Selassie is crowned emperor of Ethiopia.
November 3 – Getúlio Vargas becomes president of Brazil.
November 25
An earthquake in the Izu Peninsula of Japan kills 223 people and destroys 650 buildings.
Cecil George Paine, a pathologist at the Sheffield Royal Infirmary in England, achieves the first recorded cure (of an eye infection) using penicillin.
December
December – All adult Turkish women are given the right to vote in elections.
December 2 – Great Depression: President Herbert Hoover goes before the United States Congress to ask for a $150 million public works program to help create jobs and to stimulate the American economy.
December 7 – The television station W1XAV in Boston broadcasts video and audio from the radio orchestra program The Fox Trappers. This broadcast also includes the first television commercial in the United States, an advertisement for the I. J. Fox Furriers company which sponsored the telecast.
December 19 – Mount Merapi volcano in central Java, Indonesia, erupts, destroying numerous villages and killing thirteen hundred people.
December 24 – In London, inventor Harry Grindell Matthews demonstrates his device to project pictures on the clouds.
December 28 – Mahatma Gandhi leaves India en route to Britain to join the Second Round Table Conference on the future of India.[citation needed]
December 29 – Sir Muhammad Iqbal's presidential address in Allahabad introduces the two-nation theory, outlining a vision for the creation of Pakistan.
December 31 – The Papal encyclical Casti Connubii issued by Pope Pius XI stresses the sanctity of marriage, prohibits Roman Catholics from using any form of artificial birth control, and reaffirms the Catholic prohibition on abortion.
January 6
The first diesel engine automobile trip is completed (Indianapolis, Indiana, to New York City) by Clessie Cummins, founder of the Cummins Motor Co..
An early literary character licensing agreement is signed by A. A. Milne, granting Stephen Slesinger U.S. and Canadian merchandising rights to the Winnie-the-Pooh works.
January 13 – The Mickey Mouse comic strip makes its first appearance.
January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at 356,397 km in recent memory and the next one will be on January 1, 2257 at 356,371 km.[1]
January 26 – The Indian National Congress declares this date as Independence Day or as the day for Poorna Swaraj (Complete Independence).
January 28 – The first patent for a field-effect transistor is granted in the United States to Julius Edgar Lilienfeld.[2]
January 30 – Pavel Molchanov launches a radiosonde from Pavlovsk in the Soviet Union.
January 31 – The 3M company markets Scotch Tape, invented by Richard Gurley Drew, in the United States.
February
February 2 – The Communist Party of Vietnam is established.
February 10 – The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng launch the Yên Bái mutiny in the hope of ending French colonial rule in Vietnam.
February 18
While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh confirms the existence of Pluto, a celestial body considered a planet until redefined as a dwarf planet in 2006.
Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in a fixed-wing aircraft, and also the first cow to be milked in an aeroplane.
March
March 2 – Mahatma Gandhi informs the British viceroy of India that civil disobedience will begin 9 days later.
March 5 – Danish painter Einar Wegener begins sex reassignment surgery in Germany and takes the name Lili Elbe.
March 6 – The first frozen foods of Clarence Birdseye go on sale in Springfield, Massachusetts.
March 12 – Mahatma Gandhi sets off on a 200-mile protest march towards the sea with 78 followers to protest at the British monopoly on salt; more will join them during the Salt March that ends on April 5.
March 28 – The government of Turkey requests the international community to adopt Istanbul and Ankara as the official names for Constantinople and Angora.
March 29 – Heinrich Brüning is appointed Chancellor of Germany.
March 31 – The Motion Picture Production Code ("Hays Code") is instituted in the United States, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence on films for the next 40 years.
April
April 4 – The Communist Party of Panama is founded.
April 5 – In an act of civil disobedience, Mahatma Gandhi breaks the Salt laws of British India by making salt by the sea at the end of the Salt March.
April 6
International Left Opposition (ILO) is founded in Paris, France.
Hostess Twinkies are invented.
April 17 – Neoprene is invented by DuPont.
April 18
The Chittagong Rebellion begins in India with the Chittagong armoury raid.
BBC Radio from London reports on this day that "There is no news".
April 19 – Warner Bros. in the United States release their first cartoon series called Looney Tunes which runs until 1969.
April 21
A fire in the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus kills 320 people.
The Turkestan–Siberia Railway is completed.
April 22 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty to regulate submarine warfare and limit naval shipbuilding.
April 28 – The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas.
May
May 4 or 5 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested again.
May 6 – The Great Salmas Earthquake in Iran (7.3 on the Richter Scale) kills 4,000 people.
May 10 – The National Pan-Hellenic Council is founded in Washington, D.C..
May 15 – Nurse Ellen Church becomes the world's first flight attendant, working on a Boeing Air Transport trimotor.
May 16 – Rafael Leónidas Trujillo is elected president of the Dominican Republic.
May 17 – French Prime Minister André Tardieu decides to withdraw the remaining French troops from the Rhineland (they depart by June 30).
May 24 – Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Australia, becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).
May 30
Sergei Eisenstein arrives in Hollywood to work for Paramount Pictures; they part ways by October.
Canadian adventurer William "Red" Hill, Sr., makes a five-hour journey down the Niagara Gorge rapids.
June
June 9 – Chicago Tribune journalist Jake Lingle is shot in Chicago, Illinois. Newspapers promise $55,000 reward for information. Lingle is later found to have had contacts with organized crime.
June 14 – Bureau of Narcotics established under the United States Department of the Treasury, replacing the Narcotics Division of the Prohibition Unit.
June 17 – President of the United States Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act into law.
June 21 – One-year conscription comes into force in France.
July
July 4 – The dedication of George Washington's sculpted head is held at Mount Rushmore in South Dakota.
July 5 – The Seventh Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops opens. This conference approves the use of birth control in limited circumstances, a move away from the Christian views on contraception expressed by the Sixth Conference a decade earlier.
July 7
The Lapua Movement marches in Helsinki, Finland.
Building of the Boulder Dam (later known as the Hoover Dam) is started on the Colorado River in the United States.
July 11 – Australian cricketer Donald Bradman scores a world record 309 runs in one day, on his way to the highest individual Test innings of 334, during a Test match against England.
July 13 – The first FIFA World Cup starts: Lucien Laurent scores the first goal, for France against Mexico.
July 19 – Georges Simenon's detective character Inspector Jules Maigret makes his first appearance in print under Simenon's own name when the novel Pietr-le-Letton (known in English as The Strange Case of Peter the Lett) begins serialization in a French weekly magazine. Simenon will eventually write 75 novels (as well as 28 short stories) featuring the pipe-smoking Paris detective.
July 21 – United States Department of Veterans Affairs established.
July 25 – Laurence Olivier marries Jill Esmond.
July 26 – Charles Creighton and James Hargis of Missouri begin their return journey to Los Angeles using only a reverse gear; the 11,555 km trip lasts 42 days.
July 28 – R. B. Bennett defeats William Lyon Mackenzie King in federal elections and becomes the Prime Minister of Canada.
July 29 – British airship R100 sets out for a successful 78-hour passage to Canada.
July 30
Uruguay beats Argentina 4–2 to win the first Association football FIFA World Cup final.
New York station W2XBS is put in charge of NBC broadcast engineers.
July 31 – The radio drama The Shadow airs for the first time in the United States.
August
August 6 – Judge Joseph Force Crater disappears.
August 7
R. B. Bennett takes office as the eleventh Prime Minister of Canada.
Lynching of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith in Marion, Indiana. They are hanged; James Cameron survives. This will be the last recorded lynching of African Americans in the Northern United States.
August 9 – Betty Boop premieres in the animated film Dizzy Dishes.
August 12 – Turkish troops move into Persia to fight Kurdish insurgents.
August 16 – The first British Empire Games open in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.[4]
August 21 – Princess Margaret Rose is born at Glamis Castle in Scotland, younger daughter of Prince Albert, Duke of York (second son of King George V and Queen Mary, and later King George VI) and Elizabeth, Duchess of York, and sister to The Princess Elizabeth.
August 27 – A military junta takes over in Peru.
September
September 6 – José Félix Uriburu carries out a military coup, overthrowing Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina.
September 12 – England cricketer Wilfred Rhodes ends his 1,110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H. D. G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians.
September 14 – German federal election, 1930: National Socialists win 107 seats in the German Parliament, the Reichstag (18.3% of all the votes), making them the second largest party.
September 20 – The Eastern Catholic Rite Syro-Malankara Catholic Church is formed.
September 27 – İsmet İnönü forms a new government in Turkey (6th government).
October
October – The Indochinese Communist Party is formed.
October 5 – British airship R101 crashes in France en route to India on its maiden long-range flight resulting in the loss of 48 lives.
October 20 – A British White Paper demands restrictions on Jewish immigration into Mandatory Palestine.[5]
October 24 – Brazilian Revolution of 1930: Getúlio Vargas establishes a dictatorship.
October 27 – Ratifications exchanged in London on the first London Naval Treaty signed in April modifying the Washington Naval Treaty of 1925. Its arms limitation provisions go into effect immediately, hence putting more limits on the expensive naval arms race between its five signatories (the United Kingdom, the United States, the Japanese Empire, France, and Italy.)
November
November 2 – Haile Selassie is crowned emperor of Ethiopia.
November 3 – Getúlio Vargas becomes president of Brazil.
November 25
An earthquake in the Izu Peninsula of Japan kills 223 people and destroys 650 buildings.
Cecil George Paine, a pathologist at the Sheffield Royal Infirmary in England, achieves the first recorded cure (of an eye infection) using penicillin.
December
December – All adult Turkish women are given the right to vote in elections.
December 2 – Great Depression: President Herbert Hoover goes before the United States Congress to ask for a $150 million public works program to help create jobs and to stimulate the American economy.
December 7 – The television station W1XAV in Boston broadcasts video and audio from the radio orchestra program The Fox Trappers. This broadcast also includes the first television commercial in the United States, an advertisement for the I. J. Fox Furriers company which sponsored the telecast.
December 19 – Mount Merapi volcano in central Java, Indonesia, erupts, destroying numerous villages and killing thirteen hundred people.
December 24 – In London, inventor Harry Grindell Matthews demonstrates his device to project pictures on the clouds.
December 28 – Mahatma Gandhi leaves India en route to Britain to join the Second Round Table Conference on the future of India.[citation needed]
December 29 – Sir Muhammad Iqbal's presidential address in Allahabad introduces the two-nation theory, outlining a vision for the creation of Pakistan.
December 31 – The Papal encyclical Casti Connubii issued by Pope Pius XI stresses the sanctity of marriage, prohibits Roman Catholics from using any form of artificial birth control, and reaffirms the Catholic prohibition on abortion.